评价此页
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
recipes/compiling_optimizer_lr_scheduler

注意

转到末尾 以下载完整的示例代码。

(beta) 使用 LR Scheduler 运行编译后的优化器#

创建日期：2024 年 5 月 21 日 | 最后更新日期：2024 年 5 月 21 日 | 最后验证日期：2024 年 11 月 05 日

作者： Michael Lazos

优化器是训练任何深度学习模型的关键算法。在本例中，我们将展示如何将使用 torch.compile 编译的优化器与 LR 调度器配对，以加速训练收敛。

注意

本教程需要 PyTorch 2.3.0 或更高版本。

模型设置#

在此示例中，我们将使用一个简单的线性层序列。

import torch

# Create simple model
model = torch.nn.Sequential(
    *[torch.nn.Linear(1024, 1024, False, device="cuda") for _ in range(10)]
)
input = torch.rand(1024, device="cuda")

# run forward pass
output = model(input)

# run backward to populate the grads for our optimizer below
output.sum().backward()

设置和运行带 LR 调度器的编译后优化器#

在本节中，我们将使用 Adam 优化器和 LinearLR 调度器，并创建一个辅助函数来包装 torch.compile() 中每个的 step() 调用。

注意

torch.compile 仅支持计算能力为 7.0 或更高的 CUDA 设备。

# exit cleanly if we are on a device that doesn't support ``torch.compile``
if torch.cuda.get_device_capability() < (7, 0):
    print("Exiting because torch.compile is not supported on this device.")
    import sys
    sys.exit(0)

# !!! IMPORTANT !!! Wrap the lr in a Tensor if we are pairing the
# the optimizer with an LR Scheduler.
# Without this, torch.compile will recompile as the value of the LR
# changes.
opt = torch.optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=torch.tensor(0.01))
sched = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.LinearLR(opt, total_iters=5)

@torch.compile(fullgraph=False)
def fn():
    opt.step()
    sched.step()


# Warmup runs to compile the function
for _ in range(5):
    fn()
    print(opt.param_groups[0]["lr"])

tensor(0.0047)
tensor(0.0060)
tensor(0.0073)
tensor(0.0087)
tensor(0.0100)

扩展：非张量 LR 会怎样？#

如果您好奇，我们将展示当 LR 未被包装成张量时，torch.compile 的行为。

# No longer wrap the LR in a tensor here
opt = torch.optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=0.01)
sched = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.LinearLR(opt, total_iters=5)

@torch.compile(fullgraph=False)
def fn():
    opt.step()
    sched.step()

# Setup logging to view recompiles
torch._logging.set_logs(recompiles=True)

# Warmup runs to compile the function
# We will now recompile on each iteration
# as the value of the lr is mutated.
for _ in range(5):
    fn()

V1015 19:17:55.642000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [1/1] [__recompiles] Recompiling function wrapper in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/torch/optim/optimizer.py:497
V1015 19:17:55.642000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [1/1] [__recompiles]     triggered by the following guard failure(s):
V1015 19:17:55.642000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [1/1] [__recompiles]     - 1/0: Cache line invalidated because L['args'][0] got deallocated
V1015 19:17:55.682000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/1] [__recompiles] Recompiling function step in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/torch/optim/adam.py:213
V1015 19:17:55.682000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/1] [__recompiles]     triggered by the following guard failure(s):
V1015 19:17:55.682000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/1] [__recompiles]     - 2/0: Cache line invalidated because L['self'] got deallocated
V1015 19:18:01.219000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/2] [__recompiles] Recompiling function step in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/torch/optim/adam.py:213
V1015 19:18:01.219000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/2] [__recompiles]     triggered by the following guard failure(s):
V1015 19:18:01.219000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/2] [__recompiles]     - 2/1: ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item() == 0.003333333333333333  # (unknown source ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item(), please file a bug)
V1015 19:18:01.219000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/2] [__recompiles]     - 2/0: Cache line invalidated because L['self'] got deallocated
V1015 19:18:04.679000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/3] [__recompiles] Recompiling function step in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/torch/optim/adam.py:213
V1015 19:18:04.679000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/3] [__recompiles]     triggered by the following guard failure(s):
V1015 19:18:04.679000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/3] [__recompiles]     - 2/2: ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item() == 0.004666666666666667  # (unknown source ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item(), please file a bug)
V1015 19:18:04.679000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/3] [__recompiles]     - 2/1: ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item() == 0.003333333333333333  # (unknown source ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item(), please file a bug)
V1015 19:18:04.679000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/3] [__recompiles]     - 2/0: Cache line invalidated because L['self'] got deallocated
V1015 19:18:07.903000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/4] [__recompiles] Recompiling function step in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/torch/optim/adam.py:213
V1015 19:18:07.903000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/4] [__recompiles]     triggered by the following guard failure(s):
V1015 19:18:07.903000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/4] [__recompiles]     - 2/3: ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item() == 0.006000000000000001  # (unknown source ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item(), please file a bug)
V1015 19:18:07.903000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/4] [__recompiles]     - 2/2: ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item() == 0.004666666666666667  # (unknown source ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item(), please file a bug)
V1015 19:18:07.903000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/4] [__recompiles]     - 2/1: ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item() == 0.003333333333333333  # (unknown source ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item(), please file a bug)
V1015 19:18:07.903000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/4] [__recompiles]     - 2/0: Cache line invalidated because L['self'] got deallocated
V1015 19:18:11.129000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/5] [__recompiles] Recompiling function step in /usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/torch/optim/adam.py:213
V1015 19:18:11.129000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/5] [__recompiles]     triggered by the following guard failure(s):
V1015 19:18:11.129000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/5] [__recompiles]     - 2/4: ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item() == 0.007333333333333335  # (unknown source ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item(), please file a bug)
V1015 19:18:11.129000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/5] [__recompiles]     - 2/3: ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item() == 0.006000000000000001  # (unknown source ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item(), please file a bug)
V1015 19:18:11.129000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/5] [__recompiles]     - 2/2: ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item() == 0.004666666666666667  # (unknown source ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item(), please file a bug)
V1015 19:18:11.129000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/5] [__recompiles]     - 2/1: ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item() == 0.003333333333333333  # (unknown source ___as_tensor(self.param_groups[0]['lr']).item(), please file a bug)
V1015 19:18:11.129000 23021 torch/_dynamo/guards.py:4181] [2/5] [__recompiles]     - 2/0: Cache line invalidated because L['self'] got deallocated

通过这个例子，我们可以看到由于 param_groups[0] 中的 lr 发生守卫失败，我们重新编译了几次优化器。

结论#

在本教程中，我们展示了如何将使用 torch.compile 编译的优化器与 LR 调度器配对，以加速训练收敛。我们使用了一个由简单线性层序列组成的模型，并搭配了 Adam 优化器和 LinearLR 调度器，以演示 LR 在迭代过程中如何变化。

另请参阅

脚本总运行时间： (0 分 23.734 秒)

在此页面上
PyTorch 库